The Lancastrian War was the third and final phase of the Anglo-French Hundred Years ' War .

It later became Becoming clear that the Israeli invasion Attack and the subsequent Anglo-French attack Attack had been planned Arranging beforehand by the three countries .

In 1916 , the Battle Hostile_encounter of Verdun had been a costly failure Earnings_and_losses for the Germans and the Anglo-French Battle of the Somme had forced a defensive Defending battle Hostile_encounter on the Germans , leaving Departing the western armies ( ) exhausted Expend_resource .

Construction of the Hindenburg Line in France was begun Process_start in September 1916 to make a retirement from the Somme front possible , to counter an anticipated increase Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale in the power of Anglo-French attacks Attack in 1917 .

After the Battle Hostile_encounter of Flers–Courcelette on 22 September , the Anglo-French armies tried to press Motion their advantage with several smaller attacks Attack in quick succession , rather than pause Process_end to regroup Cause_to_amalgamate and give Giving the Germans time to recover Recovering .

Subsequent writers gave Giving discrete dates for the Anglo-French battles Hostile_encounter but there were considerable overlaps and continuities of operations Military_operation , until the weather and supply difficulties in mid-November ended Process_end the battle Hostile_encounter until the new-year .

As stadtholder of Holland , William was de facto ruler of the Dutch Republic ; the coalition he built Building after 1678 to defend Defending it against French expansion was threatened by an Anglo-French alliance .

The Capture Conquering of Grenada was an amphibious expedition Scrutiny in July 1779 during the Anglo-French War .

The goal of the Italian leader , Benito Mussolini , was the elimination Removing of Anglo-French domination in the Mediterranean , the reclamation of historically Italian territory ( `` Italia irredenta '' ) and the expansion Expansion of Italian influence Influence over the Balkans and in Africa .

General Ferdinand Foch , commander of `` groupe des armées du nord '' ( Northern Army Group ) and co-ordinator of the armies on the Somme , was unable to continue the sequential attacks Attack by the Anglo-French armies achieved Achieve in September , because persistent rain , mist and fog grounded aircraft , turned Change the battlefield Hostile_encounter into a swamp and greatly increased Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale the difficulty of transporting Military_operation supplies Supply to the front over the few roads in the area and the land that had been devastated Destroying since 1 July .

The German flyers further reduced Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale the ability of the Anglo-French airmen to support Supporting the armies with artillery-observation and contact Connect patrols Patrolling in the rare periods of clear weather .

The German armies lost Earnings_and_losses much less ground and had fewer casualties in October than in September ( the costliest month of the battle Hostile_encounter ) but the proportion of casualties increased Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale from of the Anglo-French total .

German bombardments on the few roads between the original front line and the line established Building by October , increased Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale the difficulties of the Fourth and Sixth armies and during October the size and ambition of Anglo-French attacks Attack was reduced Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale progressively to local operations .

On 24 June 1916 , the artillery preparation began Process_start for the Anglo-French offensive ; the Fricourt area was subjected to several British gas attacks Attack during the bombardment .

The French Sixth Army suffered Bodily_harm and the German 2nd Army lost Orders were issued Creating to the Anglo-French armies to continue the offensive on 2 July and a German counter-attack on the north bank of the Somme by the 12th Division , intended for the night of took Creating until dawn on 2 July to begin and was destroyed Destroying .

The German defenders fought Hostile_encounter according to a policy of unyielding defence and immediate counter-attack Attack to regain Recovering lost ground , intended to delay Change_event_time the Anglo-French advance south of the Albert–Bapaume road and give Giving time for reinforcements sent Sending to the Somme front to arrive Arriving .

These included opening an Anglo-French front in the Balkans , invading Attack Norway to seize control of Germany 's main source of iron ore and a strike Attack against the Soviet Union , to cut off Removing its supply of oil to Germany .