On 19 September the Germans captured Conquering their first outwork and began Process_start a devastating close-range bombardment of the bastions .

The fortifications of Riga consisted of a wall with ditch and 5 bastions around the old town .

In 1652 Swedes had started Process_start construction Building of a new wall with 12 bastions around suburbs , but by 1656 the work Action had not been completed Process_end .

The besiegers were undermined Destroying by disputes between the French and Spanish officers and terrible conditions in their trenches and bastions , which led to Causation outbreaks of epidemic disease and undermined morale .

In addition to the natural defenses Defending of the river and mountains , bastions were created Creating at Oslavia and Podgora .