The First Balkan War Military_operation had three main causes Causation : The Ottoman Empire lost Earnings_and_losses all its European territories to the west of the River Maritsa as a result of the two Balkan Wars Hostile_encounter , which thus delineated present-day Turkey 's western border .

By 1914 , the remaining core region of the Ottoman Empire had experienced a population increase Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale of around 2.5 million because of the flood of immigration from the Balkans .

The Ottoman Empire also attacked Attack Bulgaria and advanced Cause_to_make_progress in Thrace regaining Recovering Adrianople .

The Russo-Circassian War Hostile_encounter ( 1763–1864 ) involved a series of battles Hostile_encounter and wars Hostile_encounter in Circassia , the northwestern part of the Caucasus , during the course of the Russian Empire 's conquest Conquering of the Caucasus .

After the end Process_end of the War the Ottoman Empire offered Giving to harbour the Circassians who did not wish to accept Response the rule of a Christian monarch , and many emigrated Escaping to Anatolia , the heart of the Ottoman territory and ended up Process_end in modern Turkey , Syria , Jordan , Palestine , Israel , Iraq and Kosovo .

The Dutch–Portuguese War Hostile_encounter was an armed conflict Hostile_encounter involving Cause_to_be_included Dutch forces Military_operation , in the form of the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company , against the Portuguese Empire .

The German ships evaded Escaping the British fleet and passed Motion_directional through the Dardanelles to reach Arriving Constantinople , where they were eventually handed over Giving to the Ottoman Empire .

Renamed Name_conferral Yavuz Sultan Selim and Midili '' , the former `` Goeben '' and `` Breslau '' were ordered Request by their German commander to attack Attack Russian positions , in doing so bringing Bringing the Ottoman Empire into the war on the side of the Central Powers .

) , near Borki station in the former Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire ( present-day Kharkiv Oblast of Ukraine ) , 295 kilometers south of Kursk , when the imperial train carrying Sending Tsar Alexander III of Russia and his family from Crimea to Saint Petersburg derailed Motion at high speed .

The investigation Criminal_investigation into the crash Catastrophe , led Criminal_investigation by Anatoly Koni , resulted in Causation the appointment Employment of railway manager and future Prime Minister of the Russian Empire Sergei Witte as the Director of State Railways .

On charges Legality of violating Preventing_or_letting the neutrality between the United States and the British Empire , they were sentenced Legal_rulings to 18 months imprisonment .

The November Uprising Change_of_leadership ( 1830–31 ) , also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or as the Cadet Revolution Change_of_leadership , was an armed Bearing_arms rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire .

At that time , the only major power standing in the way of a German-dominated Europe was the British Empire and the Commonwealth .

This Egyptian Expeditionary Force ( EEF ) victory against the Ottoman Empire garrison also secured the town of El Arish after the Ottoman garrison withdrew .

In August 1916 , a combined Cause_to_amalgamate Ottoman and German Empire army had been forced to retreat Escaping to Bir el Abd , after the British victory in the Battle Hostile_encounter of Romani .

The Finnish Civil War was a civil war Hostile_encounter in Finland in 1918 fought Hostile_encounter for the leadership and control Control of Finland during the country 's transition from a Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire to an independent state .

World War I led to Causation the collapse of the Russian Empire , causing Causation a power vacuum in Finland , and a subsequent struggle for dominance led to Causation militarisation Bearing_arms and an escalating crisis between the left-leaning labour movement and the conservatives .

A counteroffensive by the Whites began Process_start in March , reinforced Cause_change_of_strength by the German Empire 's military detachments in April .

Now legal in the `` de jure '' sense , it was to apply Giving to all the territories of the Empire except for the Ecclesiastical principalities , and some of the cities in those ecclesiastical states , where the question of religion was addressed Statement under the separate Forming_relationships principles of the `` reservatum ecclesiasticum '' and the `` Declaratio Ferdinandei '' , which were also part of the Peace of Augsburg .

The principle of `` cuius regio '' did not address Statement the emerging Coming_to_be trend toward religious pluralism ( co-existence within a single territory ) developing Cause_to_make_progress throughout the German-speaking lands of the Holy Roman Empire .

Instead , it gave Giving legitimacy to only two forms of religion within the Empire , Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism , leaving GiveUp out other Reformed forms of Christianity , such as Calvinism , and radical systems such as Anabaptism .

Any other practice of worship beyond the first two named Name_conferral , which were the most widespread in the Empire , was expressly forbidden Agree_or_refuse_to_act and considered by the law to be heretical and could be punishable by death Death .

The British Expedition Traveling to Abyssinia was a rescue Rescuing mission and punitive expedition Scrutiny carried out Action in 1868 by the armed Bearing_arms forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire .

The British Expedition Traveling to Abyssinia was a rescue Rescuing mission and punitive expedition Scrutiny carried out Action in 1868 by the armed Bearing_arms forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire .

The defeat Conquering and loss Earnings_and_losses of the last remnants of the Spanish Empire was a profound shock to Spain 's national psyche and provoked Causation a thorough philosophical and artistic reevaluation of Spanish society known as the Generation of '98 .

In September 1805 the Electorate of Bavaria under Prince-elector Maximilian I Joseph of Wittelsbach , that had been allied Collaboration with the Habsburg Monarchy under the common federally structured Holy Roman Empire , went Change over to Napoleonic France : the Bavarian Minister Count Maximilian von Montgelas , realizing the French superiority while fearing the ambitions of the newly established Austrian Empire , signed Sign_agreement a secret defence alliance at Bogenhausen .

In September 1805 the Electorate of Bavaria under Prince-elector Maximilian I Joseph of Wittelsbach , that had been allied Collaboration with the Habsburg Monarchy under the common federally structured Holy Roman Empire , went Change over to Napoleonic France : the Bavarian Minister Count Maximilian von Montgelas , realizing the French superiority while fearing the ambitions of the newly established Austrian Empire , signed Sign_agreement a secret defence alliance at Bogenhausen .

The Austrian Empire , citing a breach of the conditions agreed in the Peace of Pressburg guaranteeing Tyrolean constitutional autonomy , declared Expressing_publicly war on the Bavarian-French allies on April 9 , 1809 .

Exactly three years later he suspended Process_end the elected Choosing assembly , establishing Creating the Second French Empire , which lasted until 1870 .

Between 780–1180 , the Byzantine Empire and the Abbasid & Fatimid caliphates in the regions of Iraq , Palestine , Syria , Anatolia and Southern Italy fought Hostile_encounter a series of wars for supremacy in the Eastern Mediterranean .

The Ottoman–Habsburg wars Hostile_encounter were fought Hostile_encounter from the 16th through the 18th centuries between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy , which was at times supported Supporting by the Holy Roman Empire , Kingdom of Hungary , Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , and Habsburg Spain .

The Ottoman–Habsburg wars Hostile_encounter were fought Hostile_encounter from the 16th through the 18th centuries between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy , which was at times supported Supporting by the Holy Roman Empire , Kingdom of Hungary , Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , and Habsburg Spain .

The Protestant Reformation , the French–Habsburg rivalry and the numerous civil conflicts of the Holy Roman Empire served Assistance as distractions to the Christians from their conflict with the Ottomans .

Meanwhile , the Ottomans had to contend Quarreling with the Persian Safavid Empire and to a lesser extent the Mamluk Sultanate , which was defeated Getting and fully incorporated Cause_to_amalgamate into the empire .

Intermittent tension between Austria and the Ottoman Empire continued throughout the nineteenth century , but they never again fought Hostile_encounter each other in a war and ultimately found Know themselves allied in World War I , in the aftermath of which both empires were dissolved .

Historians have devoted Giving most of their attention to the second siege of Vienna of 1683 , depicting Filling it as a decisive Austrian victory that saved Rescuing Western civilization and began Process_start the fall of the Ottoman Empire .

Narayana Diksit the preceptor of Peshwa Baji Rao I , the Prime Minister of the Maratha Empire .

In the battles Hostile_encounter of Magnano and Cassano , the Austrians and allied Collaboration Russian Empire forces swept the French from much of northern Italy in April 1799 .

Ward developed Coming_to_be this idea into a proposal for an Imperial Parliament ( see Imperial Federation ) which would be responsible for the Empire 's foreign policy including the declaration Expressing_publicly of war and would be presided Control over by an Imperial executive .

The First Goryeo-Khitan War was a 10th-century conflict between the kingdom of Goryeo and the Liao dynasty ( the Khitan Empire ) near what is now the border between China and North Korea .

Eritrea was claimed Statement by the Ethiopian Empire from 1947 after Eritrea was liberated Change_of_leadership from Italy 's occupation since 1890 ( both countries were part of Italian East Africa during World War II ) .

They were set up Placing to delay Hindering the advance Self_motion of the Desert Mounted Corps of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force ( EEF ) after the British Empire infantry victories at the Battle of Tulkarm , Battle of Tabsor during the Battle of Sharon .

The conflict split Causation Europe into two coalitions : one was led by the Kingdom of Great Britain and included Cause_to_be_included the Kingdom of Prussia , the Kingdom of Portugal , the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg , and other small German states ; while the other was led by the Kingdom of France and included Cause_to_be_included the Austrian-led Holy Roman Empire , the Russian Empire ( until 1762 ) , the Kingdom of Spain , Sweden , and the Electorate of Saxony .

The conflict split Causation Europe into two coalitions : one was led by the Kingdom of Great Britain and included Cause_to_be_included the Kingdom of Prussia , the Kingdom of Portugal , the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg , and other small German states ; while the other was led by the Kingdom of France and included Cause_to_be_included the Austrian-led Holy Roman Empire , the Russian Empire ( until 1762 ) , the Kingdom of Spain , Sweden , and the Electorate of Saxony .

Meanwhile , in India , some regional polities within the increasingly fragmented Mughal Empire , with the support Supporting of the French , tried to crush Destroying a British attempt to conquer Conquering Bengal .

In March , after several unsuccessful attempts by a British Empire force of Australian , British and New Zealand swimmers , the first Transjordan attack began Process_start with the passage of the Jordan River .

The invasion Attack of Tulagi , on 3–4 May 1942 , was part of Operation Military_operation `` Mo '' , the Empire of Japan 's strategy in the South Pacific and South West Pacific Area in 1942 .

In 1695 a military expedition tried to reach Arriving Lake Petén Itzá from Guatemala ; this was followed in 1696 by missionaries from Mérida and in 1697 by Martín de Ursúa 's expedition from Yucatán that resulted in Causation the final defeat Conquering of the independent kingdoms of central Petén and their incorporation Dispersal into the Spanish Empire .

The First Balkan War ( ; ; , `` Prvi Balkanski rat '' ; ) , lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and comprised Cause_to_be_included actions of the Balkan League ( the kingdoms of Bulgaria , Serbia , Greece and Montenegro ) against the Ottoman Empire .

As a result of the war , the League captured Conquering and partitioned Forming_relationships almost all remaining European territories of the Ottoman Empire .