The Jin–Song Wars were a series of conflicts Hostile_encounter between the Jurchen Jin dynasty ( 1115–1234 ) and Han Chinese Song dynasty ( 960–1279 ) .

In 1115 , Jurchen tribes rebelled Change_of_leadership against their overlords , the Khitan Liao dynasty ( 907–1125 ) , and declared Expressing_publicly the formation of the Jin .

Allying with the Song against their common enemy the Liao dynasty , the Jin promised Commitment to return to the Song the Sixteen Prefectures that had fallen Motion_directional under Liao control Control since 938 .

The Chinese agreed Agree_or_refuse_to_act but the Jurchens ' quick defeat Conquering of the Liao dynasty combined Cause_to_amalgamate with Song dynasty military failures made Manufacturing the Jin reluctant to cede these territories .

As the second Jin army approached Arriving the capital , Song emperor Huizong abdicated Change_of_leadership and fled Escaping south .

The Jin resumed Process_start war and again besieged Besieging Kaifeng in 1127 .

This separated Forming_relationships north and south China between Jin and Song .

A war against the Song begun Process_start by 4th Jin emperor , Wanyan Liang , was unsuccessful .

An invasion Attack of Jin territory motivated by Song revanchism ( 1206–1208 ) was also unsuccessful .

A decade later , the Jin launched an abortive military campaign against the Song in 1217 to replace Change_of_leadership territory they had lost Earnings_and_losses to the invading Attack Mongols .

The Song allied Collaboration with the Mongols in 1233 , and in the next year jointly captured Conquering Caizhou , last refuge of the Jin emperor .

The Jin dynasty collapsed Destroying that year in 1234 .

After the demise of the Jin , the Song dynasty itself became Becoming a target of the Mongols , and collapsed Catastrophe in 1279 .

Battles Hostile_encounter between the Song and Jin brought about Causation the introduction of various gunpowder weapons .

The Jin , a conquest dynasty , instituted Action a centralized imperial bureaucracy modeled on previous Chinese dynasties , basing Supporting their legitimacy on Confucian philosophy .

The north was the cultural center of China , and its conquest by the Jin diminished Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale the regional stature of the Song dynasty .

The Southern Song , however , quickly returned Arriving to economic prosperity , and trade Exchange with the Jin was lucrative despite decades of warfare .