The revolution was unusual for the surprise it created Creating throughout the world : it lacked many of the customary causes of revolution ( defeat at war , a financial crisis , peasant rebellion , or disgruntled military ) , occurred Coming_to_be in a nation that was experiencing relative prosperity , produced Creating profound change at great speed , was massively popular , resulted in Causation the exile of many Iranians , and replaced Change_of_leadership a pro-Western authoritarian monarchy with an anti-Western theocracy based on the concept of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists ( or `` velayat-e faqih '' ) .