Arévalo was succeeded by Árbenz in 1951 , who instituted Action land reforms Reforming_a_system which granted Giving property to landless peasants .

U.S. President Harry Truman authorized Ratification Operation PBFORTUNE to topple Change_of_leadership Árbenz in 1952 ; although the operation was quickly aborted Process_end , it was a precursor to PBSUCCESS .

Additionally , the U.S. federal government drew Motion exaggerated conclusions Statement about the extent of communist influence among Árbenz 's advisers .

Árbenz briefly and unsuccessfully attempted to arm civilians to resist Defending the invasion Attack , before resigning GiveUp on 27 June .

Attempting to justify Justifying the coup , the CIA launched Motion Operation Military_operation PBHISTORY , which sought Motion evidence of Soviet influence in Guatemala among documents from the Árbenz era : the effort was a failure .