The Dungan Revolt Hostile_encounter ( 1862–77 ) or Tongzhi Hui Revolt Hostile_encounter ( , Xiao'erjing : توْجِ حُوِ بِيًا/لُوًا , ) or Hui ( Muslim ) Minorities War Hostile_encounter was a mainly ethnic and religious war Hostile_encounter fought Hostile_encounter in 19th-century western China , mostly during the reign of the Tongzhi Emperor ( r. 1861–75 ) of the Qing dynasty .

When the revolt Attack failed , mass emigration Departing of the Dungan people from Ili to Imperial Russia ensued Coming_to_be .

They were renamed Name_conferral Xinjiang ( ) in 1884 , meaning `` new frontier , '' when both regions were reconquered Conquering by the Chinese Qing dynasty after the Dungan revolt Change_of_leadership ( 1862-1877 ) .

In 1884 , after the Dungan revolt ( 1862-1877 ) , the area was renamed Name_conferral Xinjiang is now a part of the People 's Republic of China , despite resistance of the local population .