By 1910 , the Kingdom of Portugal was in deep crisis : British pressure Request on Portugal 's colonies , the royal family 's expenses , the assassination Killing of the King and his heir in 1908 , changing Change religious and social views , instability of the two political parties ( Progressive and Regenerador ) , the dictatorship of João Franco , the independence movement Reforming_a_system of its most valuable colony , Brazil , and the regime 's apparent inability to adapt Cause_to_make_progress to modern times all led to Causation widespread resentment against the Monarchy .

Lacking food and water , the 60 Portuguese garrison and its commander , João de Lisboa , agreed Agree_or_refuse_to_act to surrender Surrendering , only to be taken Conquering as captives .