It has been claimed by some sources that an RAF Tornado ( `` ZA467 '' ) crewed by Squadron Leader Gary Lennox and Squadron Leader Adrian Weeks was shot down Use_firearm on 19 January by an R-60MK ( NATO reporting name : AA-8 Aphid ) missile fired Use_firearm from an Iraqi MiG-29 piloted by Jameel Sayhood , however this aircraft is officially recorded as having crashed on 22 January on a mission to Ar Rutbah .

After attempts at a diplomatic solution failed , NATO intervened , justifying Justifying the campaign in Kosovo as a `` humanitarian war '' .

The NATO bombing Attack campaign has remained controversial , as it did not gain Getting the approval Preventing_or_letting of the UN Security Council and because it caused Causation at least 488 Yugoslav civilian deaths Death , including substantial numbers of Kosovar refugees .

The European Union , NATO and several countries expressed Expressing_publicly their support for Norway and condemned Judgment_communication the attacks Attack .

Its pilot , Sub-lieutenant Ian Watson , was a junior Royal Navy Pilot undertaking Process_start his first NATO exercise Practice from HMS `` Illustrious '' , which was operating Being_in_operation off the coast of Portugal .

There is disagreement Quarreling among scholars as to whether the offensive , together with Operation Sana , or NATO airstrikes contributed Cause_to_make_progress more towards the resolution of the Bosnian War Hostile_encounter , and to what extent ARBiH , HVO and HV advances Cause_to_make_progress were aided Assistance by NATO airstrikes .

There is disagreement Quarreling among scholars as to whether the offensive , together with Operation Sana , or NATO airstrikes contributed Cause_to_make_progress more towards the resolution of the Bosnian War Hostile_encounter , and to what extent ARBiH , HVO and HV advances Cause_to_make_progress were aided Assistance by NATO airstrikes .

The Third Cod War Hostile_encounter concluded Process_end in 1976 , with a highly favourable agreement Sign_agreement for Iceland ; the United Kingdom conceded Agree_or_refuse_to_act to a Icelandic exclusive fishery zone after threats Warning that Iceland would withdraw Escaping from NATO , which would have forfeited Preventing_or_letting NATO 's access to most of the GIUK gap , a critical anti-submarine warfare Hostile_encounter during the Cold War .

The Third Cod War Hostile_encounter concluded Process_end in 1976 , with a highly favourable agreement Sign_agreement for Iceland ; the United Kingdom conceded Agree_or_refuse_to_act to a Icelandic exclusive fishery zone after threats Warning that Iceland would withdraw Escaping from NATO , which would have forfeited Preventing_or_letting NATO 's access to most of the GIUK gap , a critical anti-submarine warfare Hostile_encounter during the Cold War .

The Taliban conduct Action low-intensity warfare against Afghan National Security Forces and their NATO allies .

The 2011 NATO attack Attack in Pakistan ( also known as the Salala incident Attack , Salala attack Attack or 26/11 attacks Attack ) , was a border skirmish Attack that occurred Presence when US-led NATO forces Military_operation engaged Participation Pakistani security forces Military_operation at two Pakistani military checkposts along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border on Saturday , 26 November 2011 .

The 2011 NATO attack Attack in Pakistan ( also known as the Salala incident Attack , Salala attack Attack or 26/11 attacks Attack ) , was a border skirmish Attack that occurred Presence when US-led NATO forces Military_operation engaged Participation Pakistani security forces Military_operation at two Pakistani military checkposts along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border on Saturday , 26 November 2011 .

Two NATO Apache helicopters an AC-130 gunship and two F-15E Eagle fighter jets entered Arriving by varying estimates as little as 200 meters ( 660 ft ) to up to 2.5 kilometres ( 1.6 miles ) , into the Pakistani border area of Salala ( in the Baizai subdivision of Mohmand Agency , FATA ) at 2 a.m. local time .

The Pakistani public reacted Response with protests Protest all over the country and the government took Action measures adversely affecting Influence the US exit strategy from Afghanistan , including the evacuation Emptying of Shamsi Airfield and closure Process_end of the NATO supply line .

Subsequently , Pakistan restored Recovering the NATO supply routes .

Operation Achilles was a NATO operation Military_operation , part of the war in Afghanistan .

NATO officials reported Reporting that , contrary to previous operations , Taliban fighters were avoiding Preventing_or_letting direct confrontation in favor of guerilla tactics .

Greece in the end was funded by the US ( through the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan ) and joined Becoming_a_member NATO ( 1952 ) , while the insurgents were demoralized by the bitter split between the Soviet Union 's Joseph Stalin , who wanted the war ended Process_end , and Yugoslavia 's Josip Broz Tito , who wanted it to continue .

The final victory of the western-allied government forces led to Causation Greece 's membership in NATO ( 1952 ) and helped Assistance to define the ideological balance of power in the Aegean Sea for the entire Cold War .

The European political landscape changed Change drastically , with several former Eastern Bloc countries joining NATO and the European Union , resulting in stronger economic and social integration with Western Europe and the United States .

Operation Sana , alongside concurrent HV and HVO offensives , sparked Causation debate among military analysts as to whether the ground assaults or NATO 's airstrikes were more responsible for ending the Bosnian War .

The 2008 Bucharest Summit or the 20th NATO Summit was a NATO summit organized Arranging in the Palace of the Parliament , Bucharest , Romania on 2 – 4 April 2008 .

The 2008 Bucharest Summit or the 20th NATO Summit was a NATO summit organized Arranging in the Palace of the Parliament , Bucharest , Romania on 2 – 4 April 2008 .

Georgia and Ukraine had hoped to join the NATO Membership Action Plan , but the NATO members decided Deciding to review their request in December 2008 .

Georgia and Ukraine had hoped to join the NATO Membership Action Plan , but the NATO members decided Deciding to review their request in December 2008 .

The fear that NATO is evolving into a worldwide coalition of the willing , as such increasing Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale polarisation and militarization in international affairs , sparked Causation protests at NATO 's HQ in Brussels two weeks before the summit , and in Bucharest .

The fear that NATO is evolving into a worldwide coalition of the willing , as such increasing Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale polarisation and militarization in international affairs , sparked Causation protests at NATO 's HQ in Brussels two weeks before the summit , and in Bucharest .

Protesters targeted Aiming the renewed determination of NATO to use Using nuclear weapons and NATO 's backing Supporting of the US anti-missile shield .

Protesters targeted Aiming the renewed determination of NATO to use Using nuclear weapons and NATO 's backing Supporting of the US anti-missile shield .

The Grdelica train bombing occurred Coming_to_be on 12 April 1999 , when two missiles fired by NATO aircraft hit a passenger train while it was passing across a railway bridge over the Južna Morava river in the Grdelica gorge , some south of Belgrade , Serbia .

The bombing occurred Coming_to_be during Operation Allied Force , a NATO operation against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( FRY ) aimed at forcing the FRY government to end the repression of Albanians in Kosovo and Metohija .

The United Nations and NATO later expanded Expansion the mission of the operation to include providing Supply close air support for UN troops in Bosnia and carrying out Action coercive air strikes against targets in Bosnia .

Twelve NATO members contributed Giving forces to the operation and , by its end Process_end on 20 December 1995 , NATO pilots had flown Self_motion 100,420 sorties .

Twelve NATO members contributed Giving forces to the operation and , by its end Process_end on 20 December 1995 , NATO pilots had flown Self_motion 100,420 sorties .

The operation played Participation an important role in shaping both the Bosnian War and NATO .

The operation included the first combat Hostile_encounter engagement in NATO 's history , a 28 February 1994 air battle over Banja Luka , and in April 1994 , NATO aircraft first bombed Attack ground targets in an operation near Goražde .

The operation included the first combat Hostile_encounter engagement in NATO 's history , a 28 February 1994 air battle over Banja Luka , and in April 1994 , NATO aircraft first bombed Attack ground targets in an operation near Goražde .

These engagements helped Assistance show that NATO had adapted Coming_to_be to the post-Cold War era and could operate Being_in_operation in environments other than a major force on force engagement on the plains of Central Europe .

Cooperation between the UN and NATO during the operation also helped Assistance pave the way for future joint operations .

Most notably , significant tension arose Coming_to_be between the two after UN peacekeepers were taken Conquering as hostages in response Response to NATO bombing Attack .

The raid Attack was supported Supporting by over 90 % of the American public , was welcomed by the United Nations , NATO , the European Union and a large number of governments , but was condemned Judgment_communication by others , including two-thirds of the Pakistani public .

Romania became Becoming a member of NATO and the European Union in 2004 and 2007 , respectively .

About 4,000 Marines from the 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade as well as 650 Afghan troops were involved Cause_to_be_included , supported Supporting by NATO planes .

The official NATO operation Attack code name was `` Operation Attack Allied Force '' ; the United States called it `` Operation Attack Noble Anvil '' , while in Yugoslavia , the operation Attack was incorrectly called Name_conferral `` Merciful Angel '' ( / `` Milosrdni anđeo '' ) , as a result of a misunderstanding or mistranslation .

The bloodshed , ethnic cleansing Emptying of thousands of Albanians driving Change them into neighbouring countries , and the potential of it to destabilize Cause_change_of_strength the region provoked Causation intervention by international organizations and agencies , such as the United Nations , NATO , and INGOs .

NATO countries attempted to gain Getting authorisation Preventing_or_letting from the United Nations Security Council for military action , but were opposed Agree_or_refuse_to_act by China and Russia that indicated Statement they would veto Agree_or_refuse_to_act such a proposal Arranging .

NATO launched Process_start a campaign Military_operation without UN authorisation Preventing_or_letting , which it described Statement as a humanitarian intervention .

The FRY described Statement the NATO campaign Military_operation as an illegal Legality war Hostile_encounter of aggression Hostile_encounter against a sovereign country that was in violation Legality of international law because it did not have UN Security Council support Supporting .

The NATO bombing Attack marked Recording the second major combat Hostile_encounter operation Military_operation in its history , following the 1995 NATO bombing Attack campaign Military_operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina .

The NATO bombing Attack marked Recording the second major combat Hostile_encounter operation Military_operation in its history , following the 1995 NATO bombing Attack campaign Military_operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina .