With the decline Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale and fragmentation of the Abbasid state after 861 and the concurrent strengthening Cause_change_of_strength of the Byzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty , the tide gradually turned Becoming .

The invasions ushered in 250 years of political fragmentation in Burma and the rise Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale of ethnic Tai-Shan states throughout mainland Southeast Asia .