the free french corps pushed Motion through the mountains to the left on 14 may , supported Supporting by u.s. ii corps along the coast .

over the next four years the french retained Preserving most of their territory despite intelligence and financial support provided by the central powers to the zaian confederation and continual raids and skirmishes reducing scarce french manpower .

over the next four years the french retained Preserving most of their territory despite intelligence and financial support provided by the central powers to the zaian confederation and continual raids and skirmishes reducing scarce french manpower .

the 2013 french open was a tennis tournament played Participation on outdoor clay courts .

at the 2012 french open , mahesh bhupathi won a multiple slam set in mixed doubles , and esther vergeer won her multiple slam set in women 's wheelchair doubles .

its most significant action was an expedition organized by massachusetts governor william shirley that besieged Besieging and ultimately captured Conquering the french fortress of louisbourg , on cape breton island in nova scotia , in 1745 .

the french were boosted Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale by the fact that a large part of the allied army was forced to return Arriving to britain where a jacobite rising of 1745 had broken out Process_start and bonnie prince charlie had won a stunning victory at the battle of prestonpans .

brussels remained Presence under french occupation until it was returned Arriving to austria by the 1748 treaty of aix-la-chapelle along with the rest of the austrian netherlands , although it was january 1749 before the french finally evacuated Removing the city .

brussels remained Presence under french occupation until it was returned Arriving to austria by the 1748 treaty of aix-la-chapelle along with the rest of the austrian netherlands , although it was january 1749 before the french finally evacuated Removing the city .

over the winter lull , the french army established Creating the theoretical basis of offensive trench warfare , originating many of the methods which became Becoming standard for the rest of the war .

the action occurred Presence during the war of the first coalition , part of the wars of the french revolution .

although the french won the first day of the battle Hostile_encounter at the bohl hill near unk , they did n't manage to recapture Conquering freiburg on the two following days of the battle Hostile_encounter at the unk near freiburg , so the city remained in bavarian hands .

although assisted Assistance by a bombardment of the french lines by several british warships commanded by captain robert hallowell , and a strong defence of the castle by catalan regulars and militia with men of the 38-gun frigate commanded by thomas cochrane , the garrison was unable to prevent Preventing_or_letting the advance of the franco-italian siege lines tightening Cause_change_of_strength its grip around the citadel .

although the rebellion Change_of_leadership had been defeated Preventing_or_letting a month earlier , word of the british victory had not yet reached Arriving the european continent , and the dutch force was intended to supplement Supply a larger french squadron sent Sending earlier in october .

the unk ( from the chouan brothers , two of its leaders ) was a royalist uprising Change_of_leadership or counter-revolution in 12 of the western `` UNK '' of france , particularly in the provinces of brittany and maine , against the first republic during the french revolution Change_of_leadership .

although the ships were roughly equal in size , the british ship was easily able to defeat Conquering the french in an engagement lasting just under an hour .

the british later lost Earnings_and_losses the battle of sainte-foy west of quebec ( 1760 ) , but the french ceded Surrendering canada in accordance with the treaty of paris ( 1763 ) .

escaping the ships watching le havre , `` amazone '' was sighted Know at dawn on 24 march weathering cape barfleur by ship of the line hms `` berwick '' , which pursued the french frigate into a bay west of the phare de unk lighthouse .

after a successful offensive Attack by the french resistance group `` unk '' on 7 and 8 june 1944 , the arrival Arriving of `` das reich '' troops forced the maquis to flee Escaping the city of tulle ( department of UNK ) in south-central france .

allied land forces came from Motion the united states , britain , canada , and free french forces .

the german peasants ' war was europe 's largest and most widespread Dispersal popular uprising Terrorism prior to the french revolution Change_of_leadership of 1789 .

to further secure the new state Statement , the cheka was established Creating which functioned Being_in_operation as a revolutionary Change_of_leadership security service Supply that sought to weed out and punish Rewards_and_punishments those considered to be `` enemies of the people '' in campaigns consciously modeled on similar events during the french revolution Change_of_leadership .

at the same time , in january 1964 , the french government of president charles de gaulle proposed the neutralization of vietnam and the withdrawal Escaping of american forces .

the unk treaty of amity and association ( signed Sign_agreement 22 october 1953 ) transferred Giving remaining french powers to the royal lao government ( except control Control of military affairs ) , establishing Creating laos as an independent member of the french union .

the unk treaty of amity and association ( signed Sign_agreement 22 october 1953 ) transferred Giving remaining french powers to the royal lao government ( except control Control of military affairs ) , establishing Creating laos as an independent member of the french union .

at first the withdrawal Escaping was conducted Action in good order , but it eventually ended Process_end in a scramble Hold for safety and many french soldiers became Becoming prisoners .

the belgian field army made Creating several sorties from antwerp in late august and september to harass Hindering german communications and to assist Assistance the french and the british expeditionary force Hostile_encounter ( bef ) , by keeping Temporary_stay german troops in belgium .

charles x was also in need of diverting attention from turbulent french domestic affairs that culminated Process_end with his deposition during the later stages of the invasion in the july revolution .

hindered Hindering by total allied air superiority and a large-scale uprising Change_of_leadership by the french resistance Hostile_encounter , the weak german forces Military_operation were swiftly defeated Conquering .

although various regions of spanish america objected to many crown policies , `` there was little interest in outright independence ; indeed there was widespread support Supporting for the spanish central junta formed Coming_to_be to lead the resistance against the french . ''

because of its distinctive course , the brabant revolution Change_of_leadership had been extensively used Using in historical comparisons Research with the french revolution Change_of_leadership .

some historians suggest Convincing that although they were not as directly successful or as large , that the rebellions in 1837 should be viewed Perception_active in the wider context of the late 18th and early 19th century atlantic revolutions Change_of_leadership including the american revolutionary war in 1776 , the french revolution Change_of_leadership of unk , the haitian revolution Change_of_leadership of unk , the irish rebellion of 1798 , and the independence struggles Hostile_encounter of spanish america ( unk ) .

the battle Hostile_encounter was part of the first battle Hostile_encounter of flanders , in which german , french , belgian armies and the british expeditionary force Hostile_encounter ( bef ) fought Hostile_encounter from arras in france to nieuport on the belgian coast , from 10 october to mid-november .

with his stores almost exhausted Expend_resource and the french ports east of the cape of good hope that could have offered Giving him replenishment Supply eliminated Removing , linois decided Deciding to return Arriving to france in january 1806 , and by march was inadvertently sailing Self_motion across the cruising ground of warren 's squadron .

when `` fall rot '' ( case red ) , the final german offensive , began Process_start on 5 june , the ix corps of the french tenth army ( including the 51st ( highland ) infantry division ( major-general victor fortune ) of the british expeditionary force ( bef ) after it arrived Arriving from the saar on 28 may ) , was pushed Hold back to the bresle river .

the movement for independence was inspired Influence by the age of enlightenment and the american and french revolutions .

it also involved Cause_to_be_included a dynastic power struggle Hostile_encounter between powerful noble families in the line for succession to the french throne : the wealthy , ambitious , and fervently catholic ducal house of guise ( a cadet branch of the house of lorraine , who claimed Statement descent from charlemagne ) and their ally anne de montmorency , constable of france ( i.e. , commander in chief of the french armed Bearing_arms forces Hostile_encounter ) versus the less wealthy house of UNK ( a branch of the house of bourbon ) , princes of the blood in the line of succession to the throne who were sympathetic to calvinism .

it also involved Cause_to_be_included a dynastic power struggle Hostile_encounter between powerful noble families in the line for succession to the french throne : the wealthy , ambitious , and fervently catholic ducal house of guise ( a cadet branch of the house of lorraine , who claimed Statement descent from charlemagne ) and their ally anne de montmorency , constable of france ( i.e. , commander in chief of the french armed Bearing_arms forces Hostile_encounter ) versus the less wealthy house of UNK ( a branch of the house of bourbon ) , princes of the blood in the line of succession to the throne who were sympathetic to calvinism .

at the conclusion of the conflict Hostile_encounter in 1598 , the protestant henry of navarre , heir to the french throne , converted Change to catholicism and was crowned Change_of_leadership henry iv of france .

the landing Self_motion at cape helles ( turkish : `` unk unk '' ) was part of the amphibious invasion Attack of the gallipoli peninsula by british and french forces on 25 april 1915 during the first world war Hostile_encounter .

the french defeats Conquering at naples in 1528 and unk in 1529 , however , led to Causation francis i of france concluding Process_end the treaty of cambrai with the holy roman emperor charles v. when pope clement vii and the republic of venice also concluded Process_end treaties with the emperor , florence was left to fight Hostile_encounter alone .

at mansilla de las mulas on the esla river , the spanish commander posted Placing martinengo 's division to hold off Defending soult 's pursuing french corps .

operation cooney was the deployment Arranging of elements of the unk bataillon d'infanterie de l'air - the 4th free french parachute battalion ( later renamed Name_conferral `` unk UNK de chasseurs unk '' ) - also known as 4th special air service .

`` 3 free french sas paratroopers , 1 woman ( janine boitard ) and 1 resistance fighter against 2 german soldiers on the railroad near the bridge before the explosion '' .

between an english squadron under vice-admiral john benbow and a french under admiral jean du casse , off cape santa marta on the coast of present-day colombia , south america , during the war of the spanish succession .

ekaterina makarova and elena vesnina won women 's doubles competition Competition title , becoming Becoming two-time grand slam champions with their victory at the 2013 french open Openness .