at the peace of augsburg of 1555 , which ended Process_end a period of armed Bearing_arms conflict between roman catholic and protestant forces within the holy roman empire , the rulers of the german-speaking states and charles v agreed Agree_or_refuse_to_act to accept Receiving this principle .

though the catholic royalists were not entirely defeated Conquering , the fact the hussites were able to inflict such heavy casualties Catastrophe with so few men , and then escape Escaping soundly proved to be a great victory .

the proximate cause Causation of the war was the glorious revolution of 1688 , in which james , a catholic , was overthrown Change_of_leadership as king of the three kingdoms of england , ireland and scotland and replaced Change_of_leadership by his protestant daughter mary and nephew and son-in-law william , ruling as joint monarchs .

although he was killed Killing in battle at UNK , southwest of leipzig , the swedish armies managed to successfully defeat Conquering their catholic enemies and established Building sweden as one of the great powers of europe for the next 100 years .

although genuine ideological differences did drive Self_motion german princes to convert Change , the primary motivation of many was often the acquisition of easy riches and territory at the expense of their defenceless catholic neighbours and subjects .

it also involved Cause_to_be_included a dynastic power struggle Hostile_encounter between powerful noble families in the line for succession to the french throne : the wealthy , ambitious , and fervently catholic ducal house of guise ( a cadet branch of the house of lorraine , who claimed Statement descent from charlemagne ) and their ally anne de montmorency , constable of france ( i.e. , commander in chief of the french armed Bearing_arms forces Hostile_encounter ) versus the less wealthy house of UNK ( a branch of the house of bourbon ) , princes of the blood in the line of succession to the throne who were sympathetic to calvinism .

six irish catholic civilians died Death after members of the ulster volunteer force ( uvf ) , an ulster loyalist paramilitary group , broke into their homes and shot them .