The American frontier comprises Cause_to_be_included the geography , history , folklore , and cultural expression of life in the forward wave of American expansion Expansion that began Process_start with English colonial settlements Statement in the early 17th century and ended Process_end with the admission Becoming_a_member of the last remaining western territories as states in 1959 .

Japan 's geography made this invasion Attack plan quite obvious to the Japanese as well ; they were able to accurately predict the Allied invasion Attack plans Arranging and thus adjust Change their defensive Defending plan Arranging , Operation `` Ketsugō '' , accordingly .

The defenders were able to hold off Defending the numerically superior besieging force through exploiting Gibraltar 's geography and the small town 's fortifications , though they were frequently short of manpower and ammunition .