Led by Martin Luther King Jr. , James Bevel , Fred Shuttlesworth and others , the campaign Social_event of nonviolent direct action culminated Process_end in widely publicized confrontations between young black students and white civic authorities , and eventually led Causation the municipal government to change Change the city 's discrimination laws .

Not all of the bystanders were peaceful , despite the avowed Statement intentions of SCLC to hold Defending a completely nonviolent walk , but the students held Defending to the nonviolent premise .

Not all of the bystanders were peaceful , despite the avowed Statement intentions of SCLC to hold Defending a completely nonviolent walk , but the students held Defending to the nonviolent premise .

The Birmingham campaign was a model of nonviolent direct action protest Response and , through the media , drew Motion the world 's attention to racial segregation in the South .

The government says Communication the attackers Attack confessed Reveal_secret to Jihadist motives and membership in the terrorist Terrorism group East Turkestan Islamic Movement Social_event ( ETIM ) , while an overseas pro-Uyghur independence group claims Statement the attackers Attack were frustrated Hindering by a lack of options for nonviolent anti-government protest Request .

The various protests were led by students , political activists , including women , and Buddhist monks and took Action the form of a campaign of nonviolent resistance , sometimes also called civil resistance .

It was a relatively nonviolent revolution , and it helped Assistance to redefine the meaning and practice of modern revolutions ( although there was violence in its aftermath ) .

The nonviolent revolution led to Causation the departure of Ferdinand Marcos , the end of his 21-year presidential rule , and the restoration of democracy in the Philippines .