Having obtained Getting promises of support Supporting from France and Britain , the Ottomans declared Expressing_publicly war on Russia in October 1853 .

Led Conquering by Omar Pasha , the Ottomans fought Hostile_encounter a strong defensive Defending campaign and stopped Preventing_or_letting the advance at Silistra .

The resistance Defending broke out Process_start during the Caucasus Campaign Military_operation , in which the Dashnak militias were supported Supporting by the Imperial Russian army to oppose Agree_or_refuse_to_act the Ottomans .

Ironically , the besieging Besieging army included Cause_to_be_included a contingent from the Byzantine Empire , which by then was a vassal of the Ottomans .

These events followed the important Ottoman defeat Conquering in the Second Siege of Diu in 1546 , which put Placing a stop to their attempts in India , but also the successful Capture of Aden ( 1548 ) , which allowed Preventing_or_letting the Ottomans to resist Defending the Portuguese in the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean .

The Ottomans attempted to intervene Hindering against the Portuguese presence , and four Ottoman ships bombarded Attack the city in 1546 .

The city was again attacked Attack by the Ottomans in 1552 with a larger fleet under Piri Reis and Seydi Ali Reis .

The Ottoman force consisted Cause_to_be_included in 4 galleons , 25 galleys , and 850 troops ( according to Diogo do Couto , the Ottomans had 15 galleys and 1200 troops ) .

Soon however the Ottomans departed Departing .

The Ottomans again attacked Attack the Portuguese possessions of the coast of India in 1553 , with a raid on the Pearl Fishery Coast of South India around Tuticorin .

The Ottomans failed however in 1553 against a Portuguese fleet at sea near al-Fahl .

The defeat Conquering at Lepanto further exemplified Change_event_time the rapid deterioration Damaging of Ottoman might under Selim II , and Christians rejoiced at this setback Hindering for the Ottomans .

The Samarrah Offensive ( March 13 – April 23 , 1917 ) was launched Process_start by the British against the Ottomans as part of the Mesopotamian Campaign in World War I .

Furthermore , another 15,000 Ottomans under Ali Ihsan Bey were being driven Motion out of Persia by the Russians , and were attempting at joining Khalil 's forces in northern Iraq .

A rebellion in nearby Herzegovina sparked Process_start a series of rebellions and uprisings Change_of_leadership against the Ottomans in Europe .

Montenegro and Serbia agreed Agree_or_refuse_to_act to declare Expressing_publicly a war Hostile_encounter on the Ottomans on 18 June 1876 .

The war Hostile_encounter ended Process_end when the Ottomans signed Sign_agreement a truce with the Montenegrins at Edirne on 13 January 1878 .

The advancement of Russian forces Hostile_encounter toward the Ottomans forced the Ottomans to sign Sign_agreement a peace treaty on 3 March 1878 , recognising Know the independence of Montenegro , as well as Romania and Serbia , and also increased Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale Montenegro 's territory from 4,405 km² to 9,475 km² .

The advancement of Russian forces Hostile_encounter toward the Ottomans forced the Ottomans to sign Sign_agreement a peace treaty on 3 March 1878 , recognising Know the independence of Montenegro , as well as Romania and Serbia , and also increased Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale Montenegro 's territory from 4,405 km² to 9,475 km² .