The caliph gathered Come_together an exceptionally large army , which he divided in two parts , which invaded Attack from the northeast and the south .

Most of the survivors were released after a truce in 841 , but prominent officials were taken Conquering to the caliph 's capital of Samarra and executed Rewards_and_punishments years later after refusing Agree_or_refuse_to_act to convert Change to Islam , becoming Becoming known as the 42 Martyrs of Amorium .

It followed the death of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I in 680 and lasted for about twelve years .

After the assassination of the third caliph Uthman , the Islamic community experienced its first civil war over the question of leadership , with the main contenders being Ali and Mu'awiya .

After Yazid died Death in November , the siege was abandoned GiveUp and Umayyad authority collapsed Destroying throughout the caliphate except in certain parts of Syria ; most provinces recognized Ibn al-Zubayr as caliph .