With the death of Urraca , Alfonso VII , her son by an earlier marriage Forming_relationships , succeeded to her position as primary rival of Alfonso the Battler for the rule of these two kingdoms .

The Bulgarian–Ottoman wars were fought Hostile_encounter between the kingdoms remaining Presence from the disintegrating Second Bulgarian Empire , and the Ottoman Empire , in the second half of the 14th century .

The Battle Hostile_encounter of Largs ( 2 October 1263 ) was an indecisive engagement Hostile_encounter between the kingdoms of Norway and Scotland , on the Firth of Clyde near Largs , Scotland .

By the end of September , Haakon 's fleet occupied Control the Firth of Clyde , and when negotiations Communication between the kingdoms broke down Process_end , he brought the bulk of his fleet to anchor Motion off the Cumbraes .

Origins of the war Hostile_encounter — wars Hostile_encounter in three kingdoms .

Still , Granada was wealthy and powerful , and the Christian kingdoms were divided and fought Quarreling amongst themselves .

As Isabella had married Forming_relationships Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 , this meant that the two powerful kingdoms of Castile and Aragon would stand Placing united , free from inter-Christian war Hostile_encounter which had helped Assistance Granada survive .

In between these two kingdoms was that of Engria ( or Engern ) and north of these three , at the base of the Jutland peninsula , was Nordalbingia .

Joining Becoming_a_member with regional kingdoms , the invasion Military_operation force reached Achieve a total of 100,000 men .

In February 1407 , the truce between the Christian and Islamic kingdoms collapsed Process_end during the reign of the infant John II as the result of a minor skirmish .

The outcome of events in all three kingdoms and Europe , the Revolution was quick and relatively bloodless , though establishing Building the new regime took Conquering much longer and led to Causation significant casualties Catastrophe .

This left Causation the crusader kingdoms vulnerable to Muslim reconquest Recovering during the Second and Third Crusades .

In 1695 a military expedition tried to reach Arriving Lake Petén Itzá from Guatemala ; this was followed in 1696 by missionaries from Mérida and in 1697 by Martín de Ursúa 's expedition from Yucatán that resulted in Causation the final defeat Conquering of the independent kingdoms of central Petén and their incorporation Dispersal into the Spanish Empire .

The First Balkan War ( ; ; , `` Prvi Balkanski rat '' ; ) , lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and comprised Cause_to_be_included actions of the Balkan League ( the kingdoms of Bulgaria , Serbia , Greece and Montenegro ) against the Ottoman Empire .

This sphere of influence eventually extended Expansion to various ancient Southeast Asian kingdoms , where contact led to Causation the spread of Han Chinese culture , trade and political diplomacy .

Following Lord Carnarvon 's successful introduction Creating of federation in Canada , it was thought that similar political effort , coupled Cause_to_amalgamate with military Military_operation campaigns Military_operation , might succeed with the African kingdoms , tribal areas and Boer republics in South Africa .

Aurangzeb and the Mughal army had successfully conquered Conquering two Muslim kingdoms : Nizamshahis of Ahmednagar and the Adilshahis of Bijapur .

The siege Besieging followed years of intermittent conflict Violence between the Christian kingdoms of Spain and the Moorish Emirate of Granada , which was supported Supporting by the Marinid sultanate of Morocco .

The Muslim forces were commanded Control by Almanzor , while the Christian troops were a combined Cause_to_amalgamate force and the combined Cause_to_amalgamate from the kingdoms of Leon and Navarre , plus the County of Castile , led by King Ramiro III of Leon , García Fernández of Castile and Sancho II of Pamplona .

The battle Hostile_encounter ended Process_end in a disastrous defeat for the Christian kingdoms and resulted in Causation the rebellion Violence of the Galician nobles and the eventual abdication Change_of_leadership of King Ramiro III in favor of Bermudo II of León .

Usman dan Fodio assembled Come_together a Fulani army to lead in jihad against the Hausa kingdoms of the north of Nigeria .

The forces of Usman dan Fodio slowly took over Conquering more and more of the Hausa kingdoms , capturing Conquering Gobir in 1808 and executing Yunfa .

It involved Cause_to_be_included a number of ancient kingdoms participating as allies of the rival groups .

Uyghur power declined Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale , and three main regional kingdoms vied Competition for power around Xinjiang , namely the Buddhist Uyghur Kara-Khoja , the Turkic Muslim Kara-Khanid , and the Iranian Buddhist Khotan .

Further successful campaigns Military_operation were carried out Military_operation in the Levant , in the mountains east of Assyria , against the kingdoms of Urartu , Cilicia and the Neo-Hittites of Anatolia , and against the Arabs in the northern Arabian deserts .

In line with the agreement with Johor in 1606 , the Dutch took Conquering control Control of Malacca and agreed Agree_or_refuse_to_act not to seek territories or wage war with the Malay kingdoms .

although his attempts to do so were unsuccessful , they were disruptive Destroying enough that the committee of both kingdoms ordered Request unk poyntz to pursue the king with approximately 3,000 horse .

the proximate cause Causation of the war was the glorious revolution of 1688 , in which james , a catholic , was overthrown Change_of_leadership as king of the three kingdoms of england , ireland and scotland and replaced Change_of_leadership by his protestant daughter mary and nephew and son-in-law william , ruling as joint monarchs .

James 's supporters initially retained Preserving control of Ireland , which he hoped to use as a base for a campaign to reclaim all three kingdoms ; however , the conflict in Ireland also involved Participation longstanding domestic issues of land ownership and religious and civic rights , and many Irish Catholics supported Supporting James in the hope he would address Resolve_problem their grievances .

By that time the educated Education_teaching elite of New Spain had begun Process_start to reflect on the relations between Spain and its colonial kingdoms .