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Event Detection
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The LEAF Lab
Data
Events
Causation
Data: MAVEN
Trigger word:
led
Event Types (Count):
Causation (88)
Negative Trigger
Led
by
Martin
Luther
King
Jr.
,
James
Bevel
,
Fred
Shuttlesworth
and
others
,
the
campaign
Social_event
of
nonviolent
direct
action
culminated
Process_end
in
widely
publicized
confrontations
between
young
black
students
and
white
civic
authorities
,
and
eventually
led
Causation
the
municipal
government
to
change
Change
the
city
's
discrimination
laws
.
The
invasion
Attack
of
Anjouan
(
code-named
Operation
``
Democracy
in
Comoros
''
)
,
on25
March
2008
,
was
an
amphibious
assault
Attack
led
Causation
by
the
Comoros
,
backed
by
African
Union
(
AU
)
forces
,
including
troops
from
Sudan
,
Tanzania
,
Senegal
,
along
with
logistical
support
Supporting
from
Libya
and
France
.
The
unexpected
fighting
Hostile_encounter
ability
of
the
newly
re-established
U.S.
Navy
,
which
concentrated
Aiming
on
attacking
Attack
the
French
West
Indian
privateers
,
together
with
the
growing
Expansion
weaknesses
and
final
overthrow
Change_of_leadership
of
the
ruling
French
Directory
,
led
Causation
Foreign
Minister
Charles
Maurice
de
Talleyrand-Périgord
(
better
known
as
Talleyrand
)
to
reopen
Openness
negotiations
Communication
with
the
US
.
The
housing
Building
protests
which
sparked
the
first
demonstrations
began
Process_start
as
a
result
of
a
Facebook
protest
group
that
initially
led
Causation
hundreds
of
people
to
establish
Creating
tents
in
the
Rothschild
Boulevard
in
the
center
of
Tel
Aviv
,
an
act
which
soon
gained
Getting
momentum
,
media
attention
and
began
Process_start
a
public
discourse
in
Israel
regarding
the
high
cost
Cost
of
housing
and
living
expenses
.
The
event
led
Causation
some
to
demand
Request
even
more
political
reform
Reforming_a_system
than
they
had
been
before
,
calling
Request
for
an
end
to
the
reign
of
King
Hamad
bin
Isa
Al
Khalifa
.
The
Lawrence
textile
strike
Attack
,
also
known
as
the
Bread
and
Roses
strike
Attack
,
was
a
strike
Attack
of
immigrant
workers
in
Lawrence
,
Massachusetts
,
in
1912
led
Causation
by
the
Industrial
Workers
of
the
World
(
IWW
)
.
There
were
numerous
historical
precedents
for
the
unannounced
military
action
by
Japan
,
but
the
lack
of
any
formal
warning
Warning
,
particularly
while
peace
negotiations
Communication
were
still
apparently
ongoing
,
led
Causation
President
Franklin
D.
Roosevelt
to
proclaim
Statement
December
7
,
1941
,
``
a
date
which
will
live
in
infamy
''
.
After
nearly
a
century
of
constant
crisis
management
in
Greece
,
which
always
led
Causation
back
to
internal
instability
and
war
Hostile_encounter
when
Rome
pulled out
Motion
,
Rome
decided
Deciding
to
divide
Macedonia
into
two
new
Roman
provinces
,
Achaea
and
Epirus
.
These
events
led
Causation
the
Iranian
government
to
enter
negotiations
Communication
with
the
U.S.
,
with
Algeria
acting
as
a
mediator
.
It
was
led
Causation
by
the
U.S.
Marines
and
U.S
Army
against
the
Iraqi
insurgents
in
the
city
of
Fallujah
and
was
authorized
Ratification
by
the
U.S.-appointed
Iraqi
Interim
Government
.
The
boycott
and
sanctions
exacerbated
Cold
War
tensions
and
enraged
the
Soviet
government
,
which
later
led
Causation
a
revenge
boycott
of
the
1984
Olympics
held
in
Los
Angeles
.
The
Battle
Hostile_encounter
of
Cixi
(
no
relation
to
the
reigning
Empress
at
the
time
)
or
Battle
Hostile_encounter
of
Tzeki
(
慈溪之戰
)
was
a
victory
Getting
for
Qing
imperial
forces
Military_operation
led
Causation
by
American
soldier
of
fortune
Frederick
Townsend
Ward
against
Taiping
Rebels
in
late
Qing
Dynasty
China
.
His
uncouth
behaviour
got
Getting
him
into
great
deal
Arranging
of
trouble
Confronting_problem
,
as
he
could
not
lead
Communication
as
Ward
had
led
Causation
the
Ever
Victorious
Army
(
EVA
)
throughout
all
previous
Battles
Hostile_encounter
.
The
15
August
1984
PKK
attacks
Attack
,
which
were
led
Causation
by
Mahsum
Korkmaz
(
known
as
``
Agit
''
)
,
marked
the
start
Process_start
of
the
last
phase
of
Kurdish–Turkish
conflict
Hostile_encounter
.
The
attack
Attack
was
led
Causation
by
the
founder
of
the
PKK
's
military
wing
.
Their
situation
improved
Cause_to_make_progress
in
1949
after
the
Chinese
Communist
People
's
Liberation
Army
of
Mao
Zedong
defeated
Conquering
the
Nationalist
army
led
Causation
by
Chiang
Kai-shek
.
For
England
,
the
principal
resistance
came from
veteran
opening
Openness
batsman
John
Edrich
and
David
Steele
,
who
received
Receiving
a
maiden
international
cap
after
a
decade
of
county
cricket
for
Northants
and
whose
silver-haired
,
bespectacled
appearance
led
Causation
the
press
to
dub
Name_conferral
him
``
the
bank
clerk
who
went to
Motion
war
''
.
American
estimates
of
Truk
's
defenses
and
its
role
as
a
stronghold
of
the
Japanese
Navy
led
Causation
newspapers
and
military
men
to
call
Name_conferral
it
the
``
Gibraltar
of
the
Pacific
''
,
or
to
compare
Statement
it
with
Pearl
Harbor
.
The
Black
Hawk
War
Military_operation
was
a
brief
conflict
Violence
between
the
United
States
and
Native
Americans
led
Causation
by
Black
Hawk
,
a
Sauk
leader
.
He
led
Causation
his
band
to
a
secure
Arriving
location
in
what
is
now
southern
Wisconsin
and
was
pursued
Self_motion
by
U.S.
forces
Military_operation
.
Switzerland
and
the
U.S.
led
Causation
in
total
medals
with
five
each
;
Switzerland
had
three
golds
(
Hess
'
)
and
five
other
nations
each
had
a
single
gold
medal
.
The
bombings
Attack
followed
the
earlier
riots
Violence
in
the
city
in
November
-
December
the
previous
year
,
when
a
violent
Violence
clash
Violence
between
muslims
led
Causation
by
radical
group
Al
Umma
and
police
force
resulted
in
killing
Killing
of
18
Muslim
rioters
by
police
firing
Use_firearm
and
murder
Killing
of
2
police
personal
.
one
manuscript
of
the
``
anglo-saxon
chronicle
Recording
''
states
that
a
certain
olaf
,
possibly
the
norwegian
olaf
tryggvason
,
led
Causation
the
viking
forces
Causation
,
these
estimated
to
have
been
between
2,000
and
4,000
fighting
men
.
The
2009
Malagasy
political
crisis
began
Process_start
on
26
January
2009
with
the
political
opposition
movement
Social_event
led
Causation
by
Antananarivo
mayor
Andry
Rajoelina
,
which
sought
to
oust
President
Marc
Ravalomanana
from
the
presidency
.
the
failure
to
prevent
the
shootings
led
Causation
the
defense
department
and
the
fbi
to
commission
investigations
Scrutiny
,
and
congress
to
hold
Defending
hearings
.
Yuan
's
army
experienced
several
defeats
Conquering
and
fractured
Destroying
,
which
led
Causation
other
provinces
in
the
south
to
declare
Expressing_publicly
independence
as
well
.
The
Israeli
military
censor
blacked out
coverage
of
the
hijacking
Kidnapping
originally
,
but
nevertheless
,
the
publication
Publishing
of
information
regarding
the
affair
in
foreign
press
,
and
eventually
in
the
Israeli
media
,
led
Causation
a
public
uproar
Quarreling
which
led
Causation
many
in
the
Israeli
public
to
demand
Request
that
the
circumstances
surrounding
Surrounding
the
deaths
Death
of
the
hijackers
would
be
investigated
Criminal_investigation
.
The
Israeli
military
censor
blacked out
coverage
of
the
hijacking
Kidnapping
originally
,
but
nevertheless
,
the
publication
Publishing
of
information
regarding
the
affair
in
foreign
press
,
and
eventually
in
the
Israeli
media
,
led
Causation
a
public
uproar
Quarreling
which
led
Causation
many
in
the
Israeli
public
to
demand
Request
that
the
circumstances
surrounding
Surrounding
the
deaths
Death
of
the
hijackers
would
be
investigated
Criminal_investigation
.
The
Abbasid
campaign
was
led
Causation
personally
by
the
Caliph
al-Mu'tasim
(
reigned
833–842
)
,
in
retaliation
Revenge
to
a
virtually
unopposed
expedition
launched
Motion
by
the
Byzantine
emperor
Theophilos
(
r.
829–842
)
into
the
Caliphate
's
borderlands
the
previous
year
.
Nat
Turner
's
Rebellion
(
also
known
as
the
Southampton
Insurrection
Hostile_encounter
)
was
a
slave
rebellion
Hostile_encounter
that
took place
Process_start
in
Southampton
County
,
Virginia
,
in
August
1831
,
led
Causation
by
Nat
Turner
.
Locals
and
guests
gather
Come_together
in
Herjólfsdalur
valley
on
the
island
of
Heimaey
for
four
days
of
various
events
,
most
prominently
big
stage
concerts
,
bonfires
,
fireworks
displays
and
the
festival
's
signature
Sign_agreement
Sunday
night
crowd
singing
Self_motion
,
led
Causation
by
Vestmannaeyjar
local
Árni
Johnsen
a
member
of
the
Althing
(
Icelandic
parliament
)
.
The
battle
Hostile_encounter
is
one
of
major
historical
importance
because
it
not
only
negated
the
idea
that
the
Murshid
of
the
Shia-Qizilbash
was
infallible
,
but
also
led
Causation
Kurdish
chiefs
to
assert
Statement
their
authority
and
switch
Change
their
allegiance
from
the
Safavids
to
the
Ottomans
.
The
divisions
led
Causation
by
Maj.
Gen.
Thomas
J
.
Other
performers
included
Cause_to_be_included
Guitarists
Ren
Walters
and
Steve
Magnusson
,
Saxophonist
Jamie
Oehlers
and
pianist
Marc
Hannaford
as
a
duo
,
Mark
Fitzgibbon
solo
piano
set
Placing
,
performances
from
trios
led
Causation
by
Allan
Browne
and
Rob
Burke
,
and
the
eight
piece
Mike
Nock
project
.
The
massacre
caused
Causation
a
re-evaluation
by
the
British
Army
of
its
military
role
against
civilians
to
``
minimal
force
whenever
possible
''
,
although
later
British
actions
during
the
Mau
Mau
insurgencies
in
Kenya
have
led
Causation
historian
Huw
Bennett
to
note
Know
that
the
new
policy
was
not
always
carried out
Military_operation
.
the
taliban
forces
are
fighting
Hostile_encounter
against
the
afghan
government
,
formerly
led
Causation
by
president
hamid
karzai
,
now
led
Causation
by
president
ashraf
ghani
,
and
against
the
us-led
international
security
assistance
force
(
isaf
)
.
the
taliban
forces
are
fighting
Hostile_encounter
against
the
afghan
government
,
formerly
led
Causation
by
president
hamid
karzai
,
now
led
Causation
by
president
ashraf
ghani
,
and
against
the
us-led
international
security
assistance
force
(
isaf
)
.
The
race
difference
led
Causation
many
to
believe
that
the
shooting
Use_firearm
was
racially
motivated
Influence
,
generating
Creating
a
widespread
controversy
.
the
unk
lebanese
protests
were
a
series
of
political
protests
and
sit-ins
Social_event
that
began
Process_start
on
december
1
,
2006
,
led
Causation
by
groups
in
lebanon
that
opposed
Agree_or_refuse_to_act
the
us
and
unk
government
of
prime
minister
fouad
siniora
and
ended
Process_end
on
may
21
,
2008
following
Causation
the
doha
agreement
Resolve_problem
.
Rivalry
among
Dinka
factions
led
Causation
by
the
President
and
Paul
Malong
Awan
have
also
led to
Causation
fighting
Hostile_encounter
.
The
annexation
of
Texas
as
the
28th
state
of
the
United
States
,
in
1845
,
led
Causation
directly
to
the
Mexican–American
War
.
That
led
Causation
Admiral
Davor
Domazet-Lošo
to
conclude
that
the
offensive
was
not
formally
authorised
.
The
fullest
account
of
the
battle
Hostile_encounter
is
given
Giving
by
Livy
(
40.39-40
)
:
As
his
successor
was
somewhat
late
in
reaching
Arriving
Spain
,
Fulvius
Flaccus
led
Causation
out
his
army
from
winter
quarters
and
began
Process_start
to
devastate
Destroying
the
more
distant
parts
of
Celtiberia
,
where
the
inhabitants
had
not
come
in
to
surrender
Surrendering
.
The
Battle
Hostile_encounter
of
Mobile
Bay
of
August
5
,
1864
,
was
an
engagement
Hostile_encounter
of
the
American
Civil
War
Hostile_encounter
in
which
a
Union
fleet
Military_operation
commanded
Control
by
Rear
Admiral
David
G.
Farragut
,
assisted
Assistance
by
a
contingent
of
soldiers
,
attacked
Attack
a
smaller
Confederate
Collaboration
fleet
Military_operation
led
Causation
by
Admiral
Franklin
Buchanan
and
three
forts
that
guarded
Patrolling
the
entrance
to
Mobile
Bay
.
although
conservatism
has
much
older
roots
in
american
history
,
the
modern
movement
began
Process_start
to
gel
in
the
unk
when
intellectuals
and
politicians
collaborated
Collaboration
with
businessmen
to
oppose
Agree_or_refuse_to_act
the
liberalism
of
the
new
deal
Resolve_problem
led
Causation
by
president
franklin
d.
roosevelt
,
newly
energized
Cause_change_of_strength
labor
unions
and
big
city
democratic
machines
.
His
impact
has
led
Causation
historians
to
call
Name_conferral
the
1980s
the
Reagan
Era
.
These
attacks
Attack
led
Causation
Governor
Philip
Gidley
King
to
issue
Creating
an
order
Arranging
in
1801
which
authorised
Preventing_or_letting
settlers
to
shoot
Use_firearm
Indigenous
Australians
on
sight
in
Parramatta
,
Georges
River
and
Prospect
areas
.
On
December
12
,
Occupy
Portland
led
Causation
a
picket
that
successfully
shut
Body_movement
the
Port
of
Portland
for
the
day
.
The
result
of
the
campaign
was
the
surrender
Surrendering
of
the
British
Army
force
of
General
Charles
Earl
Cornwallis
,
an
event
that
led
Causation
directly
to
the
beginning
of
serious
peace
negotiations
and
the
eventual
end
of
the
war
.
The
raid
Military_operation
,
led
Causation
by
Commodore
Sir
George
Collier
,
was
executed
Action
in
an
attempt
to
head
off
a
planned
Arranging
second
assault
on
Fort
Cumberland
,
which
had
been
besieged
Besieging
in
November
1776
.
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